A Highly Efficient Fractal Based Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G Applications with High Gain

For the purpose of $5 \mathbf{G}$ communication, this paper proposes the design and simulations of a microstrip patch antenna that operates at a frequency of 28 GHz.The antenna comprises a defective ground structure and a unique kind of radiating patch with slots and fractal shape, together with a parasitic patch. The objective of this work is to use computer simulation technology (CST) tools to develop and model a compact microstrip patch antenna with high gain, specifically for 5 G applications. The proposed antenna is specifically designed with a 50 ohm transmission feed line to achieve the desired design objectives. The dielectric substrate used in this study is a Rogger RT5880, with a specific dielectric constant ($\varepsilon_{r}$) of 2.2. The substrate has a height of 0.508 mm. After simulating the design, the antenna demonstrates impressive performance. It resonates at a frequency of $28 \mathbf{~ G H z}$, showcasing a remarkable return loss of $\mathbf{- 5 2. 6 8 8 6 9} \mathbf{d B i}$. Additionally, it boasts an exceptional radiation efficiency of 91.45%, a wide bandwidth of 695 MHz, and an impressive gain of 10.18 dBi.