The domestic-foreign policy nexus and electoral dynamics in Nigeria: A global perspective

This study examines how Nigeria's domestic governance, electoral dynamics, and foreign policy decisions influence one another from a global perspective, highlighting the broader implications of these interactions on international diplomacy and global relations. It explores the intricate connections between Nigeria's internal policies and external diplomatic strategies, demonstrating how shifts in leadership and governance priorities shape the country’s role in the international arena. The analysis is grounded in five theoretical frameworks: Retrospective Voting Theory, which highlights voter evaluations of past government performance as a driver of policy shifts; Prospective Voting Theory, emphasizing campaign promises as a precursor to changes in governance and diplomacy; Political System Theory, which explains the institutional factors shaping policy outcomes; Elite Theory, detailing the role of influential figures in foreign policy formulation; and Rational Choice Theory, which underscores strategic decision-making by political actors. The study reveals that electoral transitions in Nigeria frequently lead to significant changes in foreign policy priorities, reflecting the evolving objectives of new administrations and the global expectations placed on Nigeria as a regional leader. However, persistent governance challenges such as corruption, insecurity, and over-reliance on oil exports have consistently limited the country’s ability to implement effective foreign policy strategies. These issues not only undermine Nigeria’s global influence but also constrain its capacity to seize international opportunities and address regional challenges effectively. The study concludes that addressing these governance challenges is essential to aligning Nigeria’s domestic policies with its foreign policy objectives in a manner that enhances its global relevance. Strengthening institutions, improving internal security, and diversifying the economy are critical steps toward achieving a more coherent and globally impactful foreign policy. Additionally, fostering international partnerships, prioritizing the welfare of Nigerians abroad, and leveraging economic and human capital are recommended to solidify Nigeria's standing as a significant player on the global stage.