<i>OsGSTF1</i> Endows Higher Tolerance of <i>Oryza sativa</i> to 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvivate Dioxygenase Inhibitor Tripyrasulfone than <i>Echinochloa crus-galli</i>

The 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase inhibitor tripyrasulfone exhibits exceptional postemergence selectivity for grass weed control in direct-seeding rice. Previous studies suggested that enhanced metabolism of tripyrasulfone in <i>Oryza sativa</i> contributes to its selectivity against <i>Echinochloa crus-galli</i>, but mechanisms remained unclear. Here, we revealed significantly higher P450s and GSTs activities in <i>O. sativa</i> than <i>E. crus-galli</i> after tripyrasulfone postemergence application. Inhibiting these enzymes increased tripyrasulfone sensitivity in <i>O. sativa</i> (GR₅₀ in fresh weight reduced by 72-82%) but minimally affected <i>E. crus-galli</i> (28-48% reduction). <i>Oryza sativa</i> absorbed less yet metabolized more tripyrasulfone, with enzyme inhibitors (malathion and NBD-Cl) narrowing the metabolic rate differences. Integrated transcriptomic and qPCR analyses identified 13 candidate genes (7 P450s, 6 GSTs), among which molecular docking demonstrated high affinity between OsGSTF1 and tripyrasulfone/its active metabolite (HDT). Transgenic <i>O. sativa</i> validation confirmed that <i>OsGSTF1</i> enhances tolerance via accelerated metabolism. This study elucidates metabolic selectivity mechanisms and provides genetic targets for herbicide-tolerance breeding.