Arterial Ecosignal Coordination Based on Vehicle Trajectory Estimation Using Kinematic Analytical Formula

Existing arterial signal coordination predominantly adopts physical traffic performance indicators or alternative progression bandwidth as optimization objectives, which lack a constraint mechanism between traffic efficiency and the environmental impacts associated with signal parameters. This study proposes a novel arterial ecosignal coordination approach to minimize gas emissions, energy consumption, and passenger delays by leveraging vehicle trajectory data. Initially, a vehicle kinematic analytical model incorporating driving behavior is developed to extract second-by-second individual vehicle trajectories. Through the analysis of micro-trajectory data and comparison with the evaluation metrics from VISSIM simulator, the model is validated to accurately simulate vehicle operating conditions. Subsequently, an exact ecological cost unit, encompassing gas emissions, fuel consumption, and delays for all vehicles by explicitly accounting for both electric and conventional fuel vehicles, is calculated based on the trajectory data. This cost unit is then selected as the objective function of the optimization problem, which is formulated as a bi-level model. Numerical experiments on a five-intersection arterial segment demonstrate that the proposed ecosignal coordination can significantly enhance environmental benefits at the cost of a small amount of delay growth compared to existing methods.