Edge Intelligence for Intelligent Transport Systems: Approaches, challenges, and future directions

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) are entering a new era with the integration of Distributed Edge Intelligence, which brings the power of artificial intelligence to the edge of the network. This survey provides a comprehensive review of the role of Distributed Edge Intelligence in ITS, emphasizing its applications, challenges, and implications. Unlike previous studies that focus on specific technologies such as communication, blockchain, cloud and fog computing, and security, this work highlights the unique integration of Edge Intelligence across various ITS components, including vehicles, infrastructure, and communication systems. The paper systematically examines these integrations, identifies key technical challenges, and offers insights into future research directions. By focusing on the transformative impact of Edge Intelligence, this study aims to complement existing surveys and guide researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in shaping the future of smart, sustainable transportation. Through this, we contribute to advancing ITS technology and fostering innovation in the transportation sector.