C-terminal amide-bearing proteins: emerging targets for protein homeostasis in health and disease

This study highlights the role of C-terminal amide-bearing proteins (CTAPs) in protein homeostasis. Researchers discovered that CTAPs, formed under oxidative stress, are selectively recognized and degraded by the E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXO31 to maintain cellular health. Mutations in FBXO31, such as D334N, impair CTAP recognition, leading to abnormal protein accumulation and neurodevelopmental disorders. These findings not only elucidate the mechanism of protein quality control but also suggest potential therapeutic targets for diseases related to oxidative stress and protein misregulation.