Exploring migraine awareness: Knowledge of triggers and treatment among adults in the Aseer region

Background: Migraine is a neurological disorder involving severe head pain and sensitivity to stimuli. Understanding its epidemiology is vital to gaining insight into specific populations. Objectives: To assess the public awareness of migraine headaches by examining various aspects of the condition, aiming to enrich the literature and enhance understanding in community medicine and neurology. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 535 participants, using an online questionnaire to assess knowledge and attitudes concerning migraine. Results: The study population was predominantly young (38.5% aged 18–24), with a female majority (71.8%), most holding a bachelor's degree (67.1%). Employment varied, with 41.9% employed and 32.1% students, while 81.3% lived in urban areas. Nearly half (49.5%) had "Poor" knowledge of migraines, 39.6% had "Fair" knowledge, and 10.8% had "Good" knowledge. While 98.5% had heard of migraines and 55% could differentiate them from regular headaches, only 14.4% knew migraines "very well." Most (81.1%) identified triggers, but 76.4% had never sought medical advice. Females and older age groups (25–64) showed higher knowledge levels, while males and unemployed or retired participants had lower scores. Conclusion: While many were aware of migraines, the detailed understanding was poor, and most had not sought medical advice. The findings highlight gaps in awareness and healthcare services, emphasizing the need for education and better resources.