Caracterización del nódulo tiroideo en la ecografía 2d y la elastografía por utrasonido para la detección de malignidad

Thyroid nodules are common findings, although only a small percentage are malignant, with papillary carcinoma being the most frequent. Current approaches include ultrasound and FNA, with limitations in reducing unnecessary biopsies. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of elastography as a complementary tool to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions. An observational and analytical analysis was performed based on previous studies that used elastography in strain and shear-wave modalities, integrating it with classification systems such as ACR-TIRADS and correlating it with histopathological findings. Results: Given the high incidence of thyroid nodules, it is essential to implement less invasive and more precise strategies for their characterization, minimizing unnecessary risks and costs. Elastography stands out for measuring tissue stiffness, a crucial factor in identifying malignancy. Elastography shows high sensitivity and specificity; its use is not standardized and depends on the operator's experience. The results confirm that, when combined with ultrasound and classification systems, elastography optimizes the selection of nodules for biopsy, reducing unnecessary procedures and improving diagnosis. Elastography is a promising tool that, with greater standardization and availability, can transform the clinical management of thyroid nodules.