Making the Manaus Industrial Hub Greener: When Trade Protection Becomes Environmental Protection

Objective: The thesis explores the implementation of environmental labels as tools to promote environmental preservation and enhance the competitiveness of products from the Manaus Industrial Hub (PIM). The focus is on the potential of environmental labels to induce socio-environmental investments by companies benefiting from Law nº 8.387/1991, directing resources towards the protection of the Amazon rainforest. The study also addresses the challenges and opportunities for aligning the PIM with international sustainability standards. Theoretical Framework:The thesis uses a theoretical framework that discusses the intersections between trade and the environment, the evolution of global environmental policies, and the importance of environmental labels in the contemporary landscape. The relevance of the Paris Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is highlighted as important milestones for the development of environmental policies. Additionally, theories related to industrial competitiveness and socio-environmental practices support the analysis of the use of labels as mechanisms to encourage environmental responsibility. Methodology: The adopted methodology combines quantitative and qualitative approaches, using the bibliometric tool VOSviewer for data analysis. The research is also based on a systematic literature review and a critical analysis of the challenges and barriers in the implementation of the Amazon Label, according to Joint Ordinance nº 268/2020. The creation of the Socio-Environmental Performance Index (IDS) is a methodological innovation that guides companies to align their practices with socio-environmental and competitive goals. Results and Discussion: The results indicate that, although efforts are being made to implement the Amazon Label, there are still significant barriers to its widespread adoption. The study discusses the lack of effective projects focused on environmental protection by PIM companies, as well as the need for greater engagement and harmonization of socio-environmental indicators. The thesis emphasizes that the creation of an exclusive label for PIM could drive product differentiation in the market and attract new investments to the region. Research Implications: The research suggests the creation of a socio-environmental label for the Manaus Industrial Hub (PIM), encouraging sustainable business practices that preserve the Amazon rainforest and enhance the competitiveness of companies in the international market. It suggests that such a label could attract new investments, generate green jobs, strengthen sustainability-oriented public policies, and provide economic and operational advantages to PIM companies, while significantly contributing to environmental conservation. Originality/Value of the Research: The study is pioneering in proposing a specific socio-environmental certification model for products from the Manaus Industrial Hub, promoting both competitiveness and environmental preservation. Its originality lies in the creation of a methodology that integrates economic and environmental incentives, suggesting ways for PIM to become a global leader in tropical forest protection.