Rupture of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm due to <i>Listeria Monocytogenes</i> infection

Infective native aortic aneurysms (INAA) caused by <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> are rare, with most cases involving <i>Streptococcus</i> sp. We report a case of a woman in her mid-60s who presented with a contained rupture of an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) due to <i>Listeria</i> The woman presented with intermittent abdominal and lower back pain, malaise, nausea, elevated inflammatory markers and ketoacidosis. CT angiography revealed a 40 mm AAA with inflammation and rupture. Intravenous ampicillin and gentamicin were initiated, and emergency open aortic repair was performed. Cultures confirmed <i>Listeria</i> infection. Postoperative neurological symptoms resolved, and the patient improved with continued antibiotics. One month postoperatively, she was asymptomatic with normalised inflammatory markers. This case underscores the rarity of <i>Listeria</i>-induced aneurysms and highlights the need for international registries to guide the management of INAA and further research on optimal surgical management.