Characterization and distribution of rainfed soils of district Chakwal for sustainable agricultural production

A study aimed to improve agricultural productivity and soil management by offering consulting services.From 2018 to 2020, 5008 soil samples were collected from Chakwal villages.Standard testing techniques were used to assess soil characterization and distribution, including EC, pH, organic matter, phosphorus, extractable potassium, and texture.Soil analysis revealed 99.18% of soils were normal, with a pH between 7.5 and 8.5, low organic matter, and inadequate phosphorus.Soil texture was medium, and farmers were advised to improve production through crop rotation, organic manuring, balanced fertilizer use, and integrated plant nutrition management.