Assessment of Pyrethrin Novel Green Extraction Methods from Dalmatian Pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium)

Six novel green extraction techniques were evaluated and optimized to extract pyrethrin from dried Dalmatian pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium (Trevir./Sch.Bip.). This approach offers a promising natural alternative to conventional chemotherapeutics. Four methods are presented for the first time in this study: microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), high-voltage electric discharge (HVED) extraction, subcritical water extraction (SWE), and deep eutectic solvent (DES) extraction, together with supercritical CO2 extraction (SC-CO2) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), for pyrethrin extraction from Dalmatian pyrethrum. The study revealed that supercritical CO2 extraction was the most effective method for extracting all six pyrethrins, yielding the highest total amount of 124.37 ng/mg. This approach offers a “natural” insecticide produced with a clean, environmentally friendly technology that can contribute to the development of sustainable and effective insecticide strategies that are in line with environmental safety and organic production standards. In addition, this research highlights the potential application of pyrethrins as antiparasitic agents, emphasizing their role in environmentally friendly and ecological practices.