THE EFFECT OF HIKING AND THE OTAGO PROGRAM ON IMPROVING BALANCE PARAMETERS IN ELDERLY RESIDENTS IN ALBANIAN NURSING HOMES. (RESEARCH METHODOLOGY)

With increasing age, neuromuscular deficits can result in impaired physical performance and increased risk of falls in those over 65 years of age. The main intrinsic risk factors for falls are age-related gradual decline in balance and strength/power performance, as well as other known factors. With the decline in fertility and the increase in the percentage of people over 65 years of age, additional studies are needed to develop exercise programs specifically tailored for the elderly, programs that can be easily implemented in clinical practice in home or nursing home settings. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the causes and factors that cause falls at this age and to prove the effects of a preventive exercise program based on two main pillars: the OTAGO exercise program and walking. Knowledge of the relationship between balance, strength, and power is important for identifying individuals at risk because deficits in these neuromuscular components are associated with an increased risk of injury and falls. In addition, this knowledge is of great importance for the development of special exercise programs adapted to the physical condition of individuals of this age group. Improvements in balance, strength and power are directly related to health and quality of life.