Interaction of two-dimensional electron-acoustic solitary waves in a cylindrical geometry and their applications in space plasmas

The observations of the magnetospheric multiscale (MMS) and Cassini Huygen's missions report the presence of cold and hot populations of electrons, which lead to the generation of electron-acoustic waves. The observed electron velocity distributions from these missions demonstrate that these particles do not follow the Maxwellian distribution, exhibit distinct characteristics, and can be effectively accounted for by other non-Maxwellian distributions. Motivated by these observations, we investigate the nonlinear electron-acoustic solitary waves (EASWs) in a cylindrical geometry in the presence of non-Maxwellian hot electrons that follow generalized (r, q) and/or kappa distributions. In this regard, the fluid equations of the current model are reduced to the cylindrical Kadomtsev Petviashvili equation using the reductive perturbation technique, and the interaction of EASWs is studied for the first time. The effects of the cold-to-hot electron temperature ratio, hot-to-cold electron number density ratio, and hot kappa and generalized (r, q) distributions on the propagation and interaction of the EASWs are investigated in detail. The bipolar pulses corresponding to the electric potential are measured for the plasma parameters for MMS and Cassini missions and are found to agree well with the observed values. Through our understanding of the mechanics of generation, propagation, and interaction of these waves, we can benefit from them in transferring and exchanging information between spacecraft and receiving stations on the surface of the Earth.