Understanding the Neck's Significance: Exploring Neck Circumference as a Marker for Obesity and Hypertension in Perambalur District’s 40–70 Age Group

Background: Neck circumference (NC) is an emerging anthropometric marker for assessing metabolic and cardiovascular health risks. This study assessed the relationship between NC and obesity prevalence and examined its potential as a predictive marker for hypertension among individuals in Perambalur District. Methodology: This cross-sectional study included 392 participants aged 40-70 years. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure were recorded. Correlational analyses and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses evaluated the relationship between NC and health indicators. Results: Weight showed a significant positive correlation with NC (r = 0.272, p <0.001), with a stronger relationship in females (r = 0.413, p < 0.001). Blood pressure parameters demonstrated consistent positive correlations across the population (systolic: r = 0.345, p < 0.001; diastolic: r = 0.337, p < 0.001). ROC analyses revealed optimal cutoff points: NC ≥37.5 cm for males and NC ≥34.75 cm for females. The predictive power for hypertension was notably stronger, with AUC values of 0.726 for males and 0.797 for females (p < 0.001). Conclusion: NC emerges as a promising anthropometric marker for assessing obesity and hypertension risks, with significant gender-specific variations. This simple, cost-effective screening tool shows utility for cardiovascular and metabolic health risk assessment in adults.