Critical Factors Affecting Toddlers Development in Indonesia: Shaping Early Childhood Growth

Background: Padang City, the capital of West Sumatra Province, is a central referral area with a high concentration of children. However, the Early Detection and Intervention Stimulation of Growth and Development Stimulation (SDIDTK) service at the Ikur Koto Public Health Center recorded the lowest achievement rate for toddler services at 66%, alongside the highest prevalence of developmental disorders (2.6%). This study aimed to identify factors associated with the growth and development status of toddlers in the Ikur Koto Public Health Center area in 2024. Methodology: This quantitative study was conducted in August 2024 using a cross-sectional design with 64 toddlers selected through probability sampling. Data were collected using validated questionnaires and analyzed using chi-square tests for bivariate analysis and logistic regression for multivariate analysis. Ethical approval was obtained before the commencement of the study. Results: The results showed that maternal awareness (p = 0.010), environmental sanitation (p = 0.002), and a history of low birth weight (p = 0.002) were significantly associated with the growth and development status of toddlers. Environmental sanitation was identified as the dominant factor (POR = 19.105). Conclusions: Improving toddlers’ growth and development requires promoting environmental sanitation and empowering mothers to actively engage in stimulation and training activities that enhance psychological and motor skills development.