Contextualising the institutional approach to the Kampala Convention on IDPs in Africa: A legal hypothesis

As global attention turns to the issue of internally displaced persons (IDPs), the African Union (AU) contends with fundamental questions about its policies in this regard. Worldwide, millions of people have been displaced within their territorial jurisdictions due to armed conflicts, violence, or natural disasters. The situation calls for humanitarian assistance and protection, with the number oflDPs continuing to grow and coming with significant social and economic costs. This article explores the challenges the AU faces as a regional institution in implementing its Kampala Convention of 2009 in response to the plight of IDPs. To this end, the article analyses the legal regime of the Convention and associated policies and actions that provide protection to IDPs, including the obligations of state parties to assist such persons. It recommends that AU member states provide practical solutions to integrate displaced persons, such as adopting legislative measures for social grants to enhance the socio-economic rights of IDPs. It argues that the issue of IDPs in Africa is a major humanitarian concern that requires urgent attention. The AU, in partnership with international community and other stakeholders, must address the root causes of displacement while ensuring the protection and rights of IDPs. Key actions include conflict resolution, economic development, climate adaptation, and legal protection. The Kampala Convention should be enforced to safeguard the rights of IDPs, while global cooperation can provide funding and support. A sustainable, rights-based approach is essential to improving the lives of millions of displaced people in Africa.