A Study on Pregnancy with Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation and its Fetomaternal Outcome

Background: Obstetric bleeding continues to be the leading cause of maternal death worldwide, and the cornerstone of treatment is early detection of the factors that contribute to hemorrhage and early management of the underlying pathological process. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is the most significant pregnancy-related condition that causes bleeding with a high rate of maternal mortality and morbidity. Aims and objectives: To find out common causes of DIC in pregnancy. To know the obstetric interventions. To evaluate the maternal and fetal outcome in DIC cases. Methods: From January 2012 to December 2015, our institute conducted a retrospective analysis of 90 cases of pregnancy with DIC in order to identify the different aetiology and problems linked to DIC that result in maternal death and morbidity as well as to examine the perinatal outcomes of pregnant women with DIC. Results: Three percent of our study has DIC. DIC was frequently caused by abruption (36%), hemorrhage (34%), severe hepatic failure (6%), preeclampsia (18%), and infection (6%). In 89 (98%) postnatal patients and 1 (02%) prenatal patient. DIC emerged as a composite severe maternal morbidity result. HELLP (8.13%), placenta previa (2.66%), embolism (1.33%), uterine rupture (11.6%), abruption (27.9%), PIH (17.4%), PPH (34%), and sepsis (33.7%). Women with hemorrhage had a considerably higher composite maternal morbidity result than those with abruption and preeclampsia, out of the three most common causes (abruption, hemorrhage, and preeclampsia). Conclusions: High rates of death and morbidity are linked to DIC, a sign of serious obstetrical problems. This morbidity may be decreased by identifying the underlying causes, conducting an early diagnosis, and actively managing DIC.