MONITORING OF THE EUROPEAN TOURISM ECOSYSTEM GREEN TRANSITION

Objective. The objective of the article is to monitor the green transition of the EU tourism ecosystem and determine the progress made in increasing the sustainability of EU tourism with territorial detail. Methods. To achieve the outlined goal, the following methods of empirical and theoretical research are applied: literature review, theoretical generalization (to identify, collect and analyze modern research on greening and sustainable tourism development), statistical research, namely the construction and analysis of dynamic series (to determine the progress achieved in increasing the sustainability of EU tourism with territorial detail using harmonized data and indicators of the EU Tourism Dashboard), tabular method, data visualization (for visual representation and grouping of statistical material, visualization of theoretical provisions). Results. The green transition of the EU tourism ecosystem is monitored using harmonized data and indicators from the EU Tourism Dashboard, which allow to identify positive and negative changes in indicators under the priority area "Green Transition", namely: 1) according to the indicator “Air travel emission intensity’, there is a general gradual trend across the EU-27 of reducing the average amount of CO2 emissions per air passenger; 2) according to the indicator “Tourism greenhouse gas intensity”, a wave-like fluctuation of the studied indicator is established, with alternating peaks and troughs and its overall decrease, which indicates a reduction in the contribution of the tourism ecosystem to greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution; 3) the indicator “Tourism energy intensity” records an increase in energy consumption by the tourism ecosystem, which indicates a decrease in the energy efficiency of the sector; 4) the indicator “Share of trips by train” reveals a low use of environmentally friendly means of transport by tourists and travelers within the EU-27, but with a slight increase; 5) the indicator “Excellent bathing water” shows a high proportion of bathing sites classified as “excellent” in the EU-27 tourism ecosystem, but there is a slight decrease in the indicator; 6) the indicator “Dependence on distant origins” shows a low dependence of the EU-27 tourism ecosystem on foreign tourists arriving from geographically distant destinations; 7) according to the indicator “Environmental labels and schemes”, a negative trend is identified regarding the introduction of EMAS or EU Ecolabel environmental labels in the EU-27.