Investigating the Spatio-temporal Variability of Climate and Its Impact on Wind Power Generation and Management

Green energy has become a central focus for power generation around the world. Many companies now require green energy in their production processes, which has led many countries to invest in its development. The Taiwan Strait is considered one of the top locations for offshore wind power in the world. Since 2018, Taiwan has actively promoted the development of offshore wind power. Wind power generation is intermittent and affected by climate variability, which creates significant challenges for its stability and reliability. This study collected wind power generation data from the Changhua Coastal Wind Power Station between May 2021 and June 2022. Climate data, including wind speed and wind direction, were obtained from nearby weather stations and were used to generate monthly and seasonal wind rose diagrams. Statistical analysis indicated that wind power generation in summer represented just 9.81% of the annual total, while winter accounted for 46.00%. A 24-hour generation analysis showed that the highest hourly generation percentage in summer was only 17.82%, while in winter, it consistently remained above 50% during most periods. These findings reveal a notable seasonal and daily variation in wind power generation, mainly influenced by wind speed and direction changes. To minimize the effects of periods with low power generation and to meet the peak electricity demand during the summer, it is crucial to implement large-scale energy storage systems along with effective power dispatch and management strategies. This approach will help ensure grid stability and reliability.