Experimental Investigation of Climate Change-Induced Soil Humidity Variations on Maize Stomatal Dynamic Behavior

Water conservation has become crucial as climate change intensifies and agricultural demands strain global water resources. To investigate the relationship between soil humidity and the dynamic behavior of stomata – organelles that facilitate gas exchange, six maize plants simulated a range of soil humidity levels, from extreme drought to water logging. Air and soil humidity sensors, powered by an Arduino, collected data during sunrise, noon, and sunset. A relationship between soil humidity and the rate of water vapor movement was discovered, but no significant difference was noted between the morning and evening trials.