Dysfunction of Regulatory T Cells: The Fundamental Underlying Mechanisms Underpinning Autoimmune Diseases

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical role in maintaining immune homeostasis by suppressing excessive immune responses and preventing autoimmune reactions. Dysregulation of Treg function has been identified as a key factor in the development and progression of various autoimmune diseases. Understanding the fundamental mechanisms underlying Treg dysfunction is essential for unraveling the complex pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders. This article delves into the intricate interplay between Tregs and autoimmune diseases, exploring the impact of Treg dysfunction on immune regulation and disease development. By examining the mechanisms of Treg dysfunction and therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring Treg function, we aim to shed light on this intricate aspect of autoimmunity and pave the way for innovative approaches to managing autoimmune conditions.