Inflammation-responsive biomimetic nanoparticles with epigallocatechin-3-gallate for acute lung injury therapy via autophagy enhancement

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe inflammatory condition that can rapidly progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome, causing irreversible tissue damage. Effective anti-inflammatory and antioxidant therapies are crucial for treating ALI. We developed a dual inflammatory targeting and immune evasion capability nanoparticle, which combines epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) loaded into mercaptoketone (TK)-functionalized mesoporous silica (MSN) and coated with platelet-neutrophil hybrid membranes (PNMs). PNM-EGCG@MSN-TK nanoparticles enhance targeting to inflammatory sites and specifically remove high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells. They also release EGCG in response to high ROS levels, improving cellular oxidative stress and enhancing autophagy in lung epithelial cells via the MAPK/BNIP3 pathway. This approach effectively ameliorates acute lung injury, suggesting a promising therapeutic strategy for ALI treatment.