Legal Protection for Consumers in E-Commerce Transactions: Challenges and Solutions in the Digital Era

The rapid development of e-commerce has revolutionized consumer transactions, bringing both opportunities and challenges in legal protection. Consumers often face issues such as fraud, data privacy breaches, unfair contract terms, and the lack of dispute resolution mechanisms. This study examines the existing legal frameworks governing e-commerce transactions and evaluates their effectiveness in protecting consumers. Through a normative legal analysis, this research highlights key regulatory gaps and proposes solutions to enhance consumer rights in the digital marketplace. The findings suggest that strengthening cybersecurity measures, enforcing consumer protection laws, and developing alternative dispute resolution mechanisms are essential to ensuring a safer e-commerce environment. Additionally, greater government oversight and consumer awareness programs are necessary to mitigate risks associated with online transactions. This study contributes to the discourse on digital consumer protection and offers policy recommendations, including the enhancement of regulatory frameworks, stricter enforcement of consumer rights, and the adoption of international best practices to strengthen legal certainty in the digital economy.