Advanced Battery Management for Electric Vehicles: Charge Monitoring and Fire Security

A thorough study presented in this paper focuses on the design and development of a cutting-edge Battery Management System for Electric Vehicles (EV-BMS). This paper examines the centrality of BMS in prolonging and protecting the valuable life of the lithium-ion battery pack in EVs. What follows focuses on some of the most critical questions, including SOC and SOH estimation, thermal regulation, and fire suppression. The architecture of the proposed EV-BMS integrates advanced estimation methods for superior accuracy in the estimation process, real-time data updates, and the integration of machine learning concepts into the battery control process. The study also presents an outline of countermeasures that can reduce the liability of battery fires, including the optimization of heat dissipation systems, sensors for detecting the onset of fire, and fire extinguishing systems. Additionally, comprehensive simulations and experiments confirm the reliability and usefulness of the proposed EV-BMS structure in optimizing the performance and safety of lithium-ion battery packs in electric vehicles. In total, this research enhances transportation safety and efficiency, particularly by minimizing the risks of fatal accidents and air pollution that affect the entire world and contribute to the prevention of climate change.