Impact-Angle-Constrained Cooperative Guidance: An Event-Triggered Finite-Time Strategy

This article proposes a 3-D finite-time cooperative guidance law based on event-triggered control for intercepting a maneuvering target using multiple missiles. Unlike traditional time-triggered guidance methods, the proposed event-triggered strategy reduces command update frequency while maintaining high performance. Specifically, the present strategy consists of two components: a distributed guidance law aligned with the line-of-sight (LOS) that achieves consensus on the relative missile–target distances in finite time, facilitating coordinated simultaneous attacks; and a guidance law perpendicular to the LOS, designed using sliding mode control techniques to direct the missiles toward desired impact angles in finite time, ensuring high guidance precision in the presence of impact angle constraints. The finite-time convergence of error systems for cooperative guidance and the exclusion of Zeno behavior for system signals is proved by rigorous theoretical analysis. Numerical simulations validate the efficacy of the proposed cooperative guidance approach and demonstrate its advantages over existing methods.