Hidden Multidimensional Modulation Side Channels in Quantum Protocols
Quantum protocols including quantum key distribution and blind quantum computing often require the preparation of quantum states of known dimensions. Here, we show that, rather surprisingly, hidden multidimensional modulation is often performed by practical devices. This violates the dimensional assumption in quantum protocols, thus creating side channels and security loopholes. Our work has important impacts on the security of quantum cryptographic protocols.
Authors
- Amita Gnanapandithan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5988-8225)
- Hoi‐Kwong Lo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0340-4989)
- Li Qian (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3550-6581)
Institutions
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Applied Quantum Technologies (United States) (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Physical Review Letters
- Published
- 2025-03-31
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.130802
- Citations
- 13
- Primary Topic
- Quantum Information and Cryptography
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 32.25
Funders
- Discovery Eye Foundation
- Defence Research and Development Canada
- Mitacs
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada