Modern aspects of rehabilitation of military personnel with amputated limbs due to mine-explosive wounds

Treatment and rehabilitation of wounded with severed limbs due to injuries sustained while performing combat missions, are an important complex issues of modern healthcare that require further development and improvement. Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of medical and rehabilitation measures using modern technologies of restorative treatment in military personnel after mine-explosive wounds (MEW) with limb separation. Material and methods. 340 records of treatment and rehabilitation of military personnel with MEW in the period from 1995 to 2024, who were treated in the hospital, were reviewed. Group I included 275 (82.3%) wounded who were treated and rehabilitated in 1995-2017, group II – 59 (17.7%) who were treated in 2018 to 2024. In group II myoplastic amputations were performed, rehabilitation measures were based on the use of modern equipment, simulators and techniques. Results. 363 amputations were performed on 334 wounded. The use of modern surgical tactics and a modern complex of rehabilitation measures in the wounded of group II led to decrease the number of postoperative complications, improved indicators of the Romberg test, carpal and stasis dynamometry, endurance of the muscles of the back and abdomen, stride length, pace and walking speed during various periods of rehabilitation. Conclusions. In 2018-2024 there was a significant increase in the number of amputations at the foot and shoulder levels, and a significant decrease in the number of amputations at the forearm and hand levels in patients with MEW. The complex of medical and rehabilitation measures for military personnel after amputation with limb separation made it possible to optimize the formation of functional stumps and reduce the duration of prosthetics from 4 to 4.5 months in 1995-2017, to 3 months in 2018-2024. The use of modern methods of medical rehabilitation from the first days after the MEW accelerates the process of restoring functions in military personnel with limb separation, reduces the time of their treatment and return to military service duties.