Review of thrombin-antithrombin complex and von willebrand factor in sickle cell disease patients

Abstract Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive disorder found majorly in sub-Saharan Africa, East Mediterranean areas, the Middle East, and India. Nigeria, bears the highest burden of this disease in sub-Saharan Africa. Over the past few decades there have been tremendous evolution in the understanding of the complex mechanism of the disease, with hypercoagulability as the core of it due to it is contributions to most of it pathogenesis of morbidity and mortality, which has led to the development of therapeutic intervention such as crizanlizumab. However, unraveling this intricate web of interaction between the pathogenesis of the various complications of SCD and hyper coagulation is pivotal for elucidating novel targeted therapies and refining of existing ones. In the quest to unrevel this complex interplay, between hyper coagulation and SCD, several studies have yielded valuable insight into potential biomarkers such as Thrombin-antithrombin (TAT) and von willebrand factor are yet to be completely ensue. This paper therefore provides a review on the aetiopathogenesis, clinical spectrum, haemostatic change in SCD, TAT, VWF, and SCD, with a focus on their level and role among SCD with aim at further research to validate this findings, the role of TAT, VWF and it correlation with blood group with the aim of developing therapeutic intervention.