Diversity, Utilization, and Conservation Status of Araceae in Kalasin Province, Northeastern Thailand

The Araceae family exhibits remarkable morphological and ecological diversity, playing a significant role in horticulture, agriculture, and traditional practices. Despite Thailand’s rich aroid diversity, Kalasin Province remains underexplored in terms of species distribution, ecology, and local utilization. This research aimed to document the diversity, habitat preferences, and local uses of Araceae in Kalasin Province. Field surveys, herbarium studies, and interviews with local communities were conducted to record species occurrences and assess their applications. A total of 51 species, representing 24 genera and 5 subfamilies, were identified, with 13 species found in the wild and 43 in cultivation. Wild species demonstrated pronounced ecological specialization, thriving in natural habitats, while cultivated species dominated across all districts, reflecting socio-economic and cultural influences. All recorded species were utilized in at least one category, including food, medicine, ornamental purposes, and cultural practices. Notably, Alocasia macrorrhizos and Colocasia esculenta were the most extensively used, contributing to multiple utilization categories. This study also proposed preliminary conservation status of wild species, with several species proposed as Vulnerable due to habitat degradation and limited distribution. These findings contribute to a better understanding of Kalasin’s aroid flora and emphasize the importance of conservation efforts in the face of agricultural expansion and habitat alteration. This study provides a foundation for the sustainable management and preservation of Araceae biodiversity in northeastern Thailand.