Utilization of co-crystallization technology to enhance the solubility and the dissolution profiles of famotidine

Background: Co-crystallisation is a useful technique that can be used to improve important physicochemical properties of drugs that have solubility troubles, without any chemical modification. Aim: This study investigates the co-crystallization of the poorly soluble drug famotidine (FMT) with either nicotinamide (NIC) or urea as co-formers. Methodology: The method employed for preparation was solvent evaporation at a predetermined stoichiometric ratio. The prepared formulations were evaluated for their solubility, while a selected co-crystal (FMT1) was also assessed through the undertaking of in vitro dissolution, differential scanning calorimetry, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. Results: All the prepared formulations demonstrated an improvement in drug solubility compared to the pure drug. However, FMT1, which contains a 1:1 ratio of FMT to NIC, yielded the best results. Conclusion: The findings of this study can suggest that the solubility and dissolution profile of FMT might be successfully enhanced by this technique.