Effectiveness of Calcium and Vitamin D, With and Without Collagen Peptide, in Enhancing Bone Mineral Density on Postmenopausal Women with Osteopenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Osteopenia is the precursor stage to osteoporosis and is a significant problem for women. The interaction of collagen peptide supplementation with calcium and vitamin D supplementation may give some ways through which bone health could be enhanced. Objective: To determine the efficacy of calcium, Vitamin D3, and collagen peptide supplementation in enhancing bone health. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Settings: King Abdullah Hospital, Mansehra and Shaheena Jamil Hospital, Abbottabad Pakistan. Duration: Study duration was between March 2024 to May 2024. Methods: Thirty postmenopausal women over the age of 60 years volunteered in this single-blinded randomized controlled trial and were divided into two groups by simple random sampling technique. Group A (n=15) received bioactive collagen peptide along with calcium lactate, and vitamin D3. Group B ((n=15) served as a control group and received Calcium and Vitamin D3 only. Serum procollagen type I N-propeptide was assessed at baseline and after 3 months. Results: The results showed a decrease in procollagen type I N-propeptide level from baseline 61.3±14.7 to 53.0±14.1 (p<0.001) post 3 months in group A. Group B showed the mean rise from 58.8±23.2 to 56.2±23.1 to (p=0.310). Conclusion: These findings reflected decreased PINP level after 3 months using calcium, vitamin D, and collagen peptide medication. Adding collagen peptides to calcium and vitamin D supplements may increase their beneficial effects on bone metabolism.