Research on Springback Compensation Method of Roll Forming Based on Improved Fuzzy PID Control

To enhance the forming accuracy of circular rolling, this paper proposes a control strategy for compensating the springback of sheet metals by altering the rolling angle. A kinematic model for circular rolling springback compensation is established to monitor the forming radian of the sheet metal in real time. The motor is then controlled to adjust the rolling angle of the sheet metal through a mechanical structure, thereby achieving springback compensation. To realize the precise control required by the springback compensation control strategy, a fuzzy PID controller strategy optimized by the coupled whale particle (CWP) algorithm is designed. The research results indicate that the error between the formed radius and the desired radius in a normal circular rolling experiment is 5.4%, 5.32%, and 5.52%. However, after applying the springback compensation strategy, the error in the circular rolling experiment is reduced to 1.6%, 1.55%, and 1.72%. This demonstrates that the proposed springback compensation strategy for circular rolling effectively improves the accuracy of circular rolling.