Multi-Scale Feature Fusion GANomaly with Dilated Neighborhood Attention for Oil and Gas Pipeline Sound Anomaly Detection

Anomaly detection in oil and gas pipelines based on acoustic signals currently faces challenges, including limited anomalous samples, varying audio data distributions across different operating conditions, and interference from background noise. These challenges lead to reduced accuracy and efficiency in pipeline anomaly detection. The primary challenge in reconstruction-based pipeline audio anomaly detection is to prevent the loss of critical information and ensure the high-quality reconstruction of feature maps. This paper proposes a pipeline anomaly detection method termed Multi-scale Feature Fusion GANomaly with Dilated Neighborhood Attention. Firstly, to mitigate information loss during network deepening, a Multi-scale Feature Fusion module is proposed to merge the encoded and decoded feature maps at different dimensions, enhancing low-level detail and high-level semantic information. Secondly, a Dilated Neighborhood Attention module is introduced to assign varying weights to neighborhoods at various dilation rates, extracting channel interactions and spatial relationships between the current pixel and its neighborhoods. Finally, to enhance the quality of the reconstructed spectrum, a loss function based on the Structure Similarity Index Measure is designed, considering both pixel-level and structural differences to maintain the structural characteristics of the reconstructed spectrum. MFDNA-GANomaly achieved 92.06% AUC, 93.96% Accuracy, and 0.955 F1-score on the test set, demonstrating that the proposed method can effectively enhance pipeline anomaly detection performance. Additionally, MFDNA-GANomaly exhibited competitive performance on the ToyTrain and Bearing subsets of the development dataset in the DCASE Challenge 2023 Task 2, confirming the generalization capability of the model.