Towards Sustainable Cities: A KPI-Based Method to Compare Cities’ Performance and Encourage the Spread of Electric Cars

European cities have adopted different solutions to address the challenges of charging infrastructure for electric vehicles, depending on their specific characteristics and needs. The widespread adoption of effective solutions could accelerate the transition towards more sustainable urban mobility. However, as cities differ in socio-economic, infrastructural, and environmental aspects, a one-size-fits-all approach may not be suitable. Currently, there is a lack of studies in the literature that identify similarities among cities to support the development of shared strategies for sustainable electric mobility. This paper contributes to filling this gap by proposing a methodology based on Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to classify and compare cities according to their electric vehicle infrastructure. Using quantitative data from 80 European cities across civil, social, and transport-related factors, as well as electric vehicle charging characteristics, we identified five reference city clusters. A sensitivity analysis, conducted across 30 scenarios, validated the robustness of the KPI framework. This approach provides a tool for policymakers to monitor the evolution of charging infrastructure, supporting data-driven decision-making for sustainable urban mobility. By promoting efficient and adaptable electric vehicle policies, this study aligns with the objectives of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, particularly in fostering sustainable cities and clean energy adoption.

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Publication Details

Journal
Sustainability
Published
2025-03-29
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/su17073052
Citations
1
Primary Topic
Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.73
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article

Towards Sustainable Cities: A KPI-Based Method to Compare Cities’ Performance and Encourage the Spread of Electric Cars

Gregorio Fernández, Klemen Knez, Claudia Caballini, Francesco Paolo Deflorio et al.
1 citations
Sustainability
Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
0.73
article

Towards Sustainable Cities: A KPI-Based Method to Compare Cities’ Performance and Encourage the Spread of Electric Cars

Gregorio Fernández, Klemen Knez, Claudia Caballini, Francesco Paolo Deflorio, Alvaro Menendez Agudin, Leopold Herman
article en
1 citations

Abstract

European cities have adopted different solutions to address the challenges of charging infrastructure for electric vehicles, depending on their specific characteristics and needs. The widespread adoption of effective solutions could accelerate the transition towards more sustainable urban mobility. However, as cities differ in socio-economic, infrastructural, and environmental aspects, a one-size-fits-all approach may not be suitable. Currently, there is a lack of studies in the literature that identify similarities among cities to support the development of shared strategies for sustainable electric mobility. This paper contributes to filling this gap by proposing a methodology based on Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to classify and compare cities according to their electric vehicle infrastructure. Using quantitative data from 80 European cities across civil, social, and transport-related factors, as well as electric vehicle charging characteristics, we identified five reference city clusters. A sensitivity analysis, conducted across 30 scenarios, validated the robustness of the KPI framework. This approach provides a tool for policymakers to monitor the evolution of charging infrastructure, supporting data-driven decision-making for sustainable urban mobility. By promoting efficient and adaptable electric vehicle policies, this study aligns with the objectives of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, particularly in fostering sustainable cities and clean energy adoption.

SustainabilityVol. 17(7)
University of Ljubljana (SI), Politecnico di Torino (IT), CIRCE - Centro Tecnológico (ES), Delft University of Technology (NL)
Openalex Percentile: Top 30%
Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
0.73
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