REGULARITIES OF INFLUENCE ON THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYMER MICRO- AND NANOCOMPOSITES OF THEIR PRODUCTION METHODS

The article presents the results of a series of experimental studies of the thermophysical properties of polymer micro- and nanocomposites when using methods for obtaining them based on mixing components in dry form or in a polymer melt. The study was performed for composites based on polyamide 6 when filling it with carbon nanotubes, copper and aluminum microparticles. During the studies, the mass fraction of the filler varied from 0.3 to 10 %, the temperature of the composites — from 320 to 525 K. The article presents data on the effects of the methods for obtaining polymer composite materials on their heat conductivity, specific heat capacity and density. It is shown that using the method based on mixing components in a polymer melt, polymer micro- and nanocomposites with higher heat conductivity can be obtained. At the same time, for both methods, the same ranking of the heat conductivity of the composites under consideration is realized depending on their filler. Namely, the highest values of heat conductivity coefficients are found for polyamide 6 filled with carbon nanotubes, the lowest ones with copper microparticles, and the lowest ones with aluminum microparticles. It has been established that the influence of the methods for obtaining the studied composites has a more significant effect on the value of their heat conductivity coefficient than the values of specific heat capacity and density. It has been shown that the discrepancies in the value of specific heat capacity of composites obtained using different methods are noticeable only at temperatures close to the melting point of the polymer. At the same time, the corresponding discrepancies in the values ​​of the density of the studied polymer micro- and nanocomposites change insignificantly with temperature. Information is provided on the limits of rational use of the considered methods for obtaining polymer micro- and nanocomposites associated with the volume of corresponding production, the content of the filler and its cost. Bibl. 70, Fig. 4, Tab. 1.