Research on the Current Status and Key Issues of China’s Green Electricity Trading Development

To achieve the dual carbon goals, countries are transforming their energy structures, with green electricity trading playing a pivotal role in this transition. This paper first analyzes the mechanisms and current state of green electricity trading. A bibliometric analysis was conducted using the keywords “green power” and “green electricity” on 2427 articles from the Web of Science core database (1984–2024). CiteSpace software 6.3 R1 was used to analyze publication volumes, contributing countries, and co-citation patterns of cited references, highlighting foundational research in this field. A deeper analysis of recent five-year trends reveals a focus on renewable energy, low-carbon policies, and the relationship between the green electricity economy and environmental development. This study finds that green electricity trading has become a growing theoretical research hotspot. Practically, China’s green electricity trading has made significant progress but still encounters challenges, such as insufficient operational mechanisms, technical barriers to grid integration, and obstacles in international green certificate trading. Based on the findings, targeted recommendations include enhancing market synergies, refining tariff mechanisms, and streamlining the trading process to support the sustainable growth of the green electricity market. This study highlights that green electricity trading is an emerging research focus, though its supporting infrastructure remains underdeveloped. Moving forward, enhanced policy support and increased R&D investment in renewable energy are urgently needed, particularly for advancing grid integration technologies for distributed energy. Additionally, aligning green electricity policies with broader low-carbon policies is essential. Furthermore, attention should be paid to the coordination between green electricity trading, economic development, and environmental protection.