Analysis of Impact of STATCOM on Distance Relay Using MATLAB

In order to study the performance of an impedance protection relay in a transmission system with a Flexible Alternating Current Transmission (FACTS) controller, such as a Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM), this research offers modelling of an impedance relay with STATCOM and simulation findings. A power frequency sequence circuit-based apparent impedance calculation method for transmission lines integrating STATCOM has been investigated. The outcomes of the simulation demonstrate how STATCOM affects distance relay protection in several zones during a line to ground fault event. The tripping characteristic in the presence of STATCOM is also influenced by its installation position and management parameters. Here, the effective parameters described above allow for the calculation at the relaying point, of the measured impedance. The findings are discussed with reference to a typical 400KV, 300KM STATCOM transmission line. Major Findings: The STATCOM's reactive power injection lever affects the apparent impedance, which can cause the distance relay to either reach or exceed its maximum capacity. The effect is contingent upon the STATCOM's position. Distance Relay performance is negatively impacted when STATCOM is present in a fault loop.