Alteraciones Nerviosas y Vasculares de la Retina en Pacientes Diabéticos sin Retinopatía

Relevance: The importance of contributing to the diagnosis of alterations in the structure of the retina before the onset of diabetic retinopathy. Purpose: To determine the nervous and vascular alterations of the retina in diabetic patients without retinopathy. Methods: An exploratory, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in diabetic patients without retinopathy, in the Retina service of the Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology: Ramón Pando Ferrer. Results: The nerve fiber layer in most subfields showed a difference in terms of thickening for the study group patients, the ganglion cell layer did show a significant decrease. Macular thickness showed a relevant decrease in the central and internal subfields. The macula showed a decrease in vascular density, where area and circularity decreased, not the perimeter. Conclusions: In patients without diabetic retinopathy, the nervous and vascular alteration is associated in most cases with a decrease in the ganglion cell layer and microcirculation of the superficial plexus of the macula.