New trends in non-surgical treatment of osteoarthritis. Short review

At least 240 million people worldwide have symptomatic osteoarthritis and its prevalence is increasing. Current protocols for non-surgical treatment are very limited, and the number of surgical interventions on joints is increasing. Given the global prevalence of this disease, an effective disease-modifying strategy is needed to relieve symptoms and slow progression. Search literature using: PubMed, eLIBRARY.RU, CyberLeninka. Search keywords: osteoarthritis, obesity, gut microbiota, dietary, gut-joint axis, inflammation, osteoarthritis, obesity, intestinal microbiota, gut-joint axis, inflammation. The depth of the review was mainly for the last 5 years. Unsaturated fatty acids and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids have a more pronounced pro-inflammatory effect, while n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have an anti-inflammatory effect. The gut-joint axis hypothesis is based on possible cross-connections between the joint and the gut. To date, there are four mechanisms by which bacteria can influence the development of arthritis. There are studies examining the modulation of gut microbiota through the use of prebiotics and probiotics. Thus new trends in non-surgical treatment of osteoarthritis include: influence on pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors, modeling nutrition, modification of the microbiota.