Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: The Clinical Impact of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors—A Systematic Review

Background: Neoadjuvant immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy in the treatment of Triple-Negative breast cancer (TNBC). This systematic review evaluates the clinical impact of ICIs in combination with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, focusing on their improving pathological complete response (pCR) rates and outcomes. This review was conducted using PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and EMBASE, for studies evaluating the use of ICIs in neoadjuvant therapy regimens for early-stage TNBC. Overall, while neoadjuvant ICIs represent a potential breakthrough in TNBC treatment, further clinical trials and long-term data are necessary to better define their role in improving patient outcomes.