Challenges Facing Electronic Educational Supervision as Seen by Educational Supervisors in The State of Palestine and Ways to Address them in light of some Variables

The study aimed to identify the challenges facing the application of electronic educational supervision as seen by educational supervisors in the State of Palestine and ways to address them in light of some variables. The study used the descriptive approach through qualitative and quantitative tools, namely the interview and questionnaire, where the quantitative approach was relied upon to measure the challenges facing electronic supervision by developing a questionnaire tool to measure those challenges, which included four areas: organizational challenges, technical challenges, material challenges, and human challenges. The questionnaire was applied to a simple random sample of (45) male and female supervisors from the South Hebron Education Directorate during the second semester of the academic year 2023/2024/AD, totaling (50) male and female supervisors, while the qualitative approach was relied upon to measure the challenges facing electronic supervision, as well as to suggest ways to address those challenges through the interview tool, where the grounded theory was applied to analyze the interviews conducted on (10) educational supervisors, and the results showed that the challenges facing educational supervision in the four areas came to a large degree and were arranged in order: (technical challenges, material challenges, organizational challenges, Human challenges), and the results showed that there were no differences from the point of view of educational supervisors according to the variables (gender, academic qualification, academic stage supervised, and years of supervisory experience). This result was consistent with the results of the interviews in that the challenges facing educational supervisors are represented by four main areas: human challenges, organizational challenges, technical challenges, and material challenges. The results of the interviews showed that the ways to address the challenges were represented by four main areas: enhancing digital citizenship, providing supplies and needs, effective development and planning, and effective laws and evaluation. The study recommended the importance of developing a clear policy that defines the mechanisms for implementing electronic educational supervision, and defines the roles and responsibilities of supervisors, teachers, and administration, and ensures the provision of the necessary support, and the importance of working to provide smart devices, high-speed Internet networks, and the programs and applications necessary to support electronic educational supervision.