Identity status and gender differences, on externalizing problems and social media addiction

Objective: Identity development is a critical task during young adulthood, influencing various psychological and behavioral outcomes. This study explored the effects of ideological and interpersonal identity status and gender on externalizing problems and social media addiction in young adults. Method: The sample consisted of 175 participants (aged 18 to 22 years), who completed the Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status-2, the Externalizing Spectrum Inventory, and the Social Media Addiction Scale. Results: Results indicated that individuals with diffuse identity reported higher levels of externalizing problems, while those with achieved identity showed the lowest levels. Men exhibited significantly more externalizing problems than women. Regarding social media addiction, only interpersonal identity status had an effect, suggesting that individuals in the process of constructing their identity are more likely to engage with social media. Conclusions: These findings underline the complex relationship between identity development, gender, and behavioral outcomes, contributing to a deeper understanding of the challenges faced by young adults in the digital age.