The effect of lipid levels on the development of gallstone disease and its role with age, blood type and body mass index

Gallstone disease (GSD) is a prevalent and expensive biliary condition. Numerous researches have examined the correlations between blood lipid metabolism and the risk of GSD. Blood samples were collected from 75 people divided into three groups, First group: Healthy people were used as a control group (n=25), second group (2): Patients with gallstones (n=25), and third group (3): Cholecystectomy patients (n=25). The samples were females only, and their ages ranged between (20-60 years). Determine levels of Total Cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), between healthy individuals, gallstone patients, and patients who underwent cholecystectomy. The results of present study show significant differences in Total cholesterol concentration in cholecystectomy patients was (208.88 ±6.09) compared to both healthy groups (175.92 ±4.80) and gallstone patients (189.28 ±8.70), significant increase in triglyceride levels in cholecystectomy patients (211.56 ±17.57) compared with healthy controls (114.88 ±8.70) and gallstone patients (101.08 ±9.91), the LDL level increased significantly in the group of gallstone patients compared to healthy subjects (95.60 ±5.36) at a probability level (P≤0.05). There was a significant increase in VLDL levels in cholecystectomy patients (42.31 ±3.51) compared to healthy subjects (22.97 ±1.74) and gallstone patients (20.21 ±1.98), statistically significant differences at a significance level of (0.05) in the age group less than 40 years between the study groups. The study showed an association between dyslipidemia (elevated total cholesterol, triglycerides, and VLDL) and gallstone incidence and gallstone removal, with increased LDL levels in patients with gallstones. The incidence was also found to be more common in the age group below 40 years and was associated with blood group O+ and Rh+.