New modulation of fluoride remineralization against dental caries an in vitro study

Aim of the study: Assessment of the remineralizing effect of sodium fluoride solution compared to distal water by microhardness Vickers test and densometric x-ray analysis. Materials and methods: In this in vitro study, 10 permanent molars were employed. Each tooth enrolls in Teflon tape, and only the enamel of the occlusal surface is exposed to demineralizing solution (acid etch) for 45 seconds in vitro and randomly assigned to two groups: Group 1 was treated with distal water, group 2 was treated with a sodium fluoride solution. All groups except the control baseline group were treated with their respective remineralizing solutions for 10 days. Vickers' Microhardness Number (VHN) and Densometric X-Ray Analysis were completed at baseline, following demineralization, and subsequently 10 days after remineralization. Results: Densometric X-Ray Analysis and Microhardness Number (VHN) showed a remineralizing effect of sodium fluoride solution in the enamel density and the surface hardness after remineralization, with a highly significant difference after 10 days (p-value≤0.05). The mean value in the group treated with sodium fluoride solution was higher than the recorded mean value for the group treated with distal water. Conclusion: sodium fluoride solution is considered an effective remineralizing agent and significantly increases enamel density and surface hardness.