The arteriovenous phenotype of endotheliocytes affects the expression of endothelial-specific proteins

Endothelial cells are the inner lining of arteries, veins, capillaries, and lymphatic vessels. They play an important role in biochemical processes, providing tissue respiration and metabolism. Their metabolic rate depends on the speed of blood flow, due to the fact that they are located on the border between blood and tissues. In other words, hemodynamic factors determine the mechanisms of interaction of endotheliocytes with other cell types and affect the formation of the endothelial phenotype, the ability to express various sets of molecules, including cell adhesion, and biologically active substances such as nitric oxide. The purpose of the presented study was to study the difference in the concentration of adhesion molecules of P- and E-selectins, inducible and endothelial nitric oxide (II) synthases in arterial and venous pathology of the lower extremities. It was found that in arterial and venous pathology the concentration of endothelium-specific proteins in the blood serum changes: E-selectin and eNOS, as well as the concentration of P-selectin and iNOS. In arterial pathology, the concentration of P-selectin is 3,9 times lower, and E-selectin is 1,3 times lower compared to the control; in venous pathology P-selectin is 2,6 times lower, E-selectin is 1,12 times lower. In arterial pathology, the level of inducible NO synthase is in 2 times higher, and endothelial NO synthase is in 1,3 times higher compared to healthy people. At the same time, the level of two synthаses, providing synthesis оf NO in patients with venous pathology practically does not differ from donors.