OPERATING SYSTEM SECURITY: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF WINDOWS 11, LINUX MINT 22 CODENAMED “WILMA”, AND MACOS 14 SONOMA

This paper is a comprehensive comparative analysis of three popular operating systems: Windows 11, Linux Mint 22 "Wilma," and macOS 14 Sonoma. The study analyzes their features, performance, security, user experience, and target audiences. Windows 11 stands out in versatility, gaming optimization, and integration with the overall ecosystem but lags in terms of strict hardware requirements and privacy concerns. Linux Mint 22, being very lightweight, flexible, and cost-effective, appeals to developers and privacy-conscious user while suffering from low availability of software and hardware compatibility. macOS 14 Sonoma offers a premium, seamless experience within the Apple ecosystem through a focus on security, creativity, and performance but is way off from both ends due to its highly price-related exclusivity to Apple devices. The findings indicate that the choice of an operating system depends on individual priorities, such as affordability, customizability, or high-end functionality, with each OS catering to distinct user needs. Recommendations are provided for users, developers, and organizations to optimize system selection and usage