Prevalence of Urinary Tract Infections in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome at Al-Muthanna Province, Iraq

Abstract Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs), especially in women, are common bacterial infections. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent cause leading to female infertility, impacting 5%–10% of women of reproductive age. Objectives: The study seeks to identify women with PCOS and most common bacteria causing UTIs. Material and Methods: The study duration was fromAugust to November 2023. Women with PCOS and UTI, women without PCOS and UTI, women with excellent health, and those who were ill were randomly allocated, including 120 women with PCOS and UTI. The urine culture was grown using blood, MacConkey's agar, and chromoagar, and all samples were identified by using the VITEK 2 system. The CL-900i – Chemiluminescence Immunoassay System was used to assess testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels. Results: Mean differences in age across groups were not significant in this investigation. PCOS individuals with and without UTIs, and also patients with UTIs, had differences in body mass index (BMI), and PCOS women with or without UTIs had significantly higher levels of LH and testosterone ( P < 0.05) compared to the control group. The results indicated that Gram-negative bacteria, particularly E. coli , were the most common uropathogenic agents in PCOS with UTI 40% and 36.6% for UTI without PCOS. Among 90 women with PCOS and UTI or UTI without PCOS, 66.66% had Gram-positive bacterial growth and 33.33% had Gram-negative bacterial growth. Conclusion: Both PCOS with UTIs and PCOS without UTIs had more Gram-negative bacteria than Gram-positive bacteria, with E. coli and S. aureus being the most common. The current study shows that PCOS with and without UTI groups had higher LH, testosterone, and BMI levels than controls.