Bone Marrow Aspirate – A Diagnostic Tool in Hematology, Importance, and Applications: Experience from Jordanian Royal Medical Services

Abstract BACKGROUND: A bone marrow aspirate is a medical procedure used to extract a small amount of bone marrow fluid and cells for examination under microscope. It is a very useful diagnostic tool in hematological field. It provides information on bone marrow cells’ function and morphology in different hematological conditions. OBJECTIVES: This study objective is to spot the role of bone marrow aspirate in the diagnosis of different hematological disorders, highlighting its importance and applications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed and analyzed 600 bone marrow aspirate from 2022 to 2024 depending on the morphology as the base of this study along with flowcytometry, cytogenetic, and molecular study. RESULTS: We analyzed 600 bone marrow samples from patients aged 1 month to 85 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.5:1. Among findings, 62.2% had hematological diseases (malignant: 39.4%, benign: 22.8%), 2.99% had nonhematological conditions, 3.79% were inadequate, and 34.36% showed normal findings. CONCLUSION: Bone marrow aspirate examination plays a significant role in identifying and diagnosing different hematological diseases.