Prevalence of Pulp Stones in Western Uttar Pradesh Population and its Correlation with Systemic Diseases: A Prospective Radiographic Study

Background: The Pulp stones (PS) are dystrophic calcifications located in tooth pulp space frequently noticed in patients with systemic illnesses, including cardio vascular disease etc ., Objective: To evaluate prevalence of coronal PS in teeth, among cardiovascular, Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Renal patients of Western Uttar Pradesh using bitewing intra-oral radiographs. Methods: The Cross-sectional study conducted in 600 patients, aged 25–60 years from daily hospital out patient department (OPD) at Aligarh. Patients were categorized into four groups ( n = 150 each): Group I- Cardiovascular Disorders; II- DM; III- Renal Disorders and IV- Healthy adults. Posterior bitewing radiographs of both sides were taken with X-Mind DC Satelec X-ray machine (Satelec Pvt Ltd .) using E-speed 02 dental x-ray films (Kodak Pvt Ltd .) for patients fulfilling selection criteria. After processing of X-ray films, presence of coronal PS was evaluated by two maxillofacial radiologists independently in each radiograph. Data was tabulated and statistically analyzed. Results: Prevalence of PS was noted more in patients with systemic diseases than healthy adults. PS were found more in maxillary posterior teeth (Maxillary Ist molars). Significant correlation ( P < 0.001) was found between PS prevalence and Group II (DM) patients compared to healthy individuals. Conclusion: Bitewing radiographic determination of dental PS has possibilities for early detection of these systemic disorders.